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Dynamic stretching is the most effective type of stretching for preparing muscles prior to an athletic event because it involves movement and helps to increase blood flow, enhance flexibility, and improve the range of motion through active muscle engagement. This form of stretching typically includes exercises that mimic the movements of the sport or activity in which an athlete is about to participate, effectively warming up the body and activating muscle groups.

In contrast, static stretching involves holding a stretch at a particular position for a period of time and is generally more beneficial for improving overall flexibility rather than preparing the muscles for immediate performance. This approach can temporarily weaken the muscles and may not adequately prepare them for the explosive movements required in athletic activities.

Passive stretching relies on an external force to hold a position and does not actively engage the muscle being stretched, which is less effective in promoting the muscle readiness necessary for high-intensity activity. Ballistic stretching utilizes bouncing motions to achieve a stretch, which can lead to the risk of injury if not performed with proper control, making it less suitable for pre-event preparation compared to dynamic stretching.